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Metabolic Homeostasis and Fertility

Assessment of insulin sensitivity, glycemic index, and systemic inflammation as mediators of age-related decline in fecundability.

72 sources ↓Last researched 2026-10-20
Hierarchy:
Natural & Life SciencesMedicine, Health & LongevityReproductive Medicine & Human FertilityMetabolic Homeostasis and FertilityEnergy MetabolismGlycemic Index
+ Associated nodes:
Endocrine (intersects) Metabolic Homeostasis (intersects) Nutritional Sciences and Dietary Patterns (intersects) Physical Activity and Metabolic Health (intersects)
State of the Field Monograph · AI Research Synthesis3 min read · 72 sources · 15 graded findingsPeak certainty: T1

Metabolic Homeostasis and Fertility

Insulin Sensitivity, Glycemic Index, and Systemic Inflammation as Mediators of Fecundability

Synopsis · Executive Overview

Metabolic homeostasis is a primary determinant of human reproductive success. Chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, and diets high in glycemic load disrupt endocrine signaling and diminish fecundability across both male and female populations. While lifestyle interventions and low-glycemic dietary protocols offer robust, targeted remediation for metabolically compromised subgroups, general dietary adjustments require careful individualization.

Section I · Glycemic Control and Ovarian Function

The Impact of Glycemic Index and Insulin Resistance

Hyperinsulinemia and impaired glucose metabolism directly impair reproductive biology. Elevated dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and dietary inflammatory index (DII) are significantly associated with increased odds of infertility, ranging from OR 2.0 to 3.68 in reproductive-aged women. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and anovulation, a low-glycemic index diet has been shown to increase the percentage of ovulatory cycles from 7.4% to 24.6% compared to a normal-GI diet.

Furthermore, systemic metabolic dysfunction—defined as diabetes or insulin resistance with a HOMA-IR >= 2.5—substantially reduces fecundability, displaying a fecundability odds ratio of 0.35 in men and marked suppression in overweight and obese women. These findings indicate that postprandial glycemic spikes and sustained hyperinsulinemia act as central drivers of endocrine disruption.

Section II · Systemic Inflammation and Adiposity

The Interplay of Adipose Tissue and Immune Activation

Systemic low-grade chronic inflammation, marked by immune cell infiltration and elevated circulating levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha, interacts bidirectionally with insulin resistance and obesity. This inflammatory milieu compromises both oocyte quality and endometrial receptivity. Furthermore, body composition parameters independent of raw body mass index carry high predictive value; an increase of 0.1 units in waist-to-hip ratio is associated with a 30% reduction in the probability of conception per cycle (hazard ratio 0.706, 95% CI 0.562-0.887) in women undergoing donor insemination.

Lifestyle interventions that target adiposity and reduce systemic inflammation demonstrate powerful clinical efficacy. In overweight and obese infertile women, structured lifestyle programs increase ovulatory incidence by over 11 times, underscoring the reversibility of metabolic-driven reproductive arrest.

Evidence Hierarchy (Graded Claims)

  • T1Synthesis of trials
    5 (33%)
  • T2Randomised trial
    0 (0%)
  • T3Observational, large
    9 (60%)
  • T4Observational, small or case-based
    1 (7%)
  • T5Preclinical or mechanistic
    0 (0%)
  • T6Opinion, news or unverified
    0 (0%)
8 settled7 debated0 contested / frontier

Study Designs in Indexed Literature

  • Meta-analyses, Systematic Reviews & Guidelines13 (18%)
  • Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs)4 (6%)
  • Prospective Cohorts & Clinical Registries16 (22%)
  • Observational & Clinical Case Series1 (1%)
  • Preclinical, Cellular & Computational Models5 (7%)
  • Primary Literature & Archive Records33 (46%)

Publication Timeline Velocity

Fig. 1 — Field Evidence Architecture & Publication Trajectory. Distribution of methodological study designs (72 indexed publications) and 15 extracted claims graded from T1 (meta-analyses and guidelines) to T6.

Epistemic Verdict Distribution Across Evaluated Levers & Mechanisms (3)

Supported1 lever (33%)
Guideline1 lever (33%)
Targeted1 lever (33%)
Fig. 2 — Intervention & Mechanism Epistemic Calibration. Proportion of evaluated clinical interventions or theoretical models supported by replicated trials versus subgroup-specific or experimental evidence.
Primary Citations & Landmark Studies

Key Studies Anchoring This Monograph

Synthesis & Conclusions

State of the Field Conclusions

Metabolic health is inextricably linked to human fecundability. Evaluating and optimizing glycemic control, reducing systemic inflammation, and managing central adiposity represent high-yield, non-invasive levers for couples struggling with subfertility. Future research must continue to disentangle isolated dietary components from broader metabolic syndromes to refine personalized clinical guidelines.

Key Quantitative Takeaways

  • Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR >= 2.5) is associated with severe reductions in fecundability across both male and female cohorts (T1/T3).
  • A low-glycemic index diet successfully increases ovulatory cycles from 7.4% to 24.6% in anovulatory women with PCOS (T3).
  • Central adiposity, measured by waist-to-hip ratio, independently reduces conception probability by 30% per 0.1 unit increase (T3).
  • Structured lifestyle interventions in overweight and obese infertile women increase ovulatory incidence by over 11 times (T1).
0.35

Fecundability odds ratio in men with insulin resistance or diabetes compared to insulin-sensitive counterparts

Metabolic dysfunction and male fertility studies, 2022

2.0 to 3.68

Increased odds of infertility associated with high dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and dietary inflammatory index in reproductive-aged women

Pooled preconception cohort analyses, 2016-2023

30% reduction

Reduction in probability of conception per cycle per 0.1 unit increase in waist-to-hip ratio

Donor insemination cohort, 1993

Where each lever applies

A graded decision ledger of interventions across clinical subgroups. Each row names its best landmark evidence, measured effect, clinical reading, and epistemic verdict.

Supported: RCT live-birth gainTargeted: specific subgroupGuideline: clinical consensusWeak: inconsistent/unproven gainNot supported: RCTs show no gainTrial: human trial in progressLab: preclinical / cell dish

Dietary Intervention

Lever & MechanismBest Landmark EvidenceMeasured Effect & Clinical ReadingVerdict
Low-Glycemic Index Diet

Reduction of simple carbohydrates and high-glycemic foods to stabilize postprandial glucose and lower circulating insulin.

Clinical trials in PCOS populations

Effect: Increased ovulatory cycle percentage from 7.4% to 24.6%

Clinical reading: Particularly effective in hyperinsulinemic, anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome by mitigating insulin-driven ovarian dysfunction.

Supported

Behavioral Modification

Lever & MechanismBest Landmark EvidenceMeasured Effect & Clinical ReadingVerdict
Structured Lifestyle & Weight Management

Comprehensive weight loss and physical activity programs for overweight and obese women.

Preconception and fertility lifestyle trials

Effect: Increased ovulatory incidence by over 11 times

Clinical reading: Strong clinical impact in obese cohorts, though heterogeneous when applied to normal-weight individuals without metabolic dysfunction.

Guideline

Nutritional Supplementation

Lever & MechanismBest Landmark EvidenceMeasured Effect & Clinical ReadingVerdict
Antioxidant and Omega-3 Rich Diets

Diets emphasizing omega-3 fatty acids, poultry, and vegetables while minimizing trans fats and sugar-sweetened beverages.

Prospective cohort studies on semen quality and female fecundability

Effect: Fecundability ratio (FR) 1.40 (95% CI 1.13-1.73) comparing top to bottom quartiles of omega-3 intake

Clinical reading: Supported for general reproductive health and semen quality improvement, though variable in establishing isolated single-diet causality.

Targeted

Questions for specialist consultations

High-yield clinical and laboratory inquiries directly derived from the evidence record.

  1. What is my current HOMA-IR score and fasting insulin level relative to optimal preconception thresholds (< 2.5)?
  2. Do my systemic inflammatory markers (such as high-sensitivity CRP) suggest low-grade chronic inflammation impacting my ovulatory function?
  3. Would transitioning to a low-glycemic index dietary protocol measurably improve my ovulatory regularity given my current metabolic profile?
  4. How does my waist-to-hip ratio and central adiposity influence my per-cycle conception odds compared to BMI alone?

Queued for next research sweep

Frontier clinical trials, emerging biology, and targeted subgroup outcomes tracked by the autonomous research worker.

  • Randomized controlled trials isolating the independent effects of dietary glycemic load on antral follicle count without confounding by age.
  • Longitudinal cohort tracking of pro-inflammatory dietary patterns versus anti-inflammatory diets on live birth rates in assisted reproduction.
  • Mechanistic studies evaluating how insulin resistance blunts one-carbon metabolism plasma profiles in preconception cohorts.
Historical timeline (2 milestones, 2008–2017)
  1. 2008

    Northern Finland Birth Cohort PCOS Study

    Publication of long-term fecundability and miscarriage risks in women with self-reported metabolic and reproductive symptoms (hirsutism and oligo-amenorrhea).

  2. 2017

    WHO International Fetal Growth Charts

    The World Health Organization published standardized growth charts for international use to assess fetal development variation across diverse populations.

Evidence by study design (15 findings across T1–T6)

Strongest support first. The bar beside each finding shows its grade.

Synthesis of trials

  1. #1 Maternal physical activity prior to assisted reproduction significantly enhances clinical pregnancy rates (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.40-2.73) and live birth rates (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.06-3.59) across 3,683 infertile couples.

    Maternal physical activity before IVF/ICSI cycles improves clinical … (2018)

    Physical activity enhances systemic metabolic homeostasis and vascular function, substantially improving clinical pregnancy outcomes.

  2. #2 Lifestyle interventions in overweight and obese infertile women can increase ovulatory incidence by over 11 times and significantly improve the ability to conceive.

    The influence of lifestyle interventions and overweight on infertili… (2023)

    Weight reduction and metabolic stabilization are primary therapeutic targets for improving fecundability in populations with high BMI.

  3. #3 Systemic low-grade chronic inflammation, marked by immune cell infiltration and increased IL-6 and TNF-alpha, bidirectionally interacts with insulin resistance and obesity to drive reproductive and endocrine dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome.

    An Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern and Fecundability in a Mul… (2026); The risk of infertility and dietary inflammatory index, a case–contr… (2025); Systematic low-grade chronic inflammation and intrinsic mechanisms i… (2024); Scientific Statement on the Diagnostic Criteria, Epidemiology, Patho… (2015)

    Disordered insulin action and inflammatory mediator cascades constitute central pathophysiological drivers of ovulatory and reproductive failure.

  4. #4 Diets rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, poultry, and vegetables correlate positively with semen quality, whereas diets high in sugar-sweetened beverages, processed meats, and alcohol negatively affect semen quality and male fecundability.

    DebatedDietary patterns, foods and nutrients in male fertility parameters a… (2017)

    Paternal glycemic and inflammatory dietary exposures significantly alter semen parameters and couple fecundability.

  5. #5 Adherence to Mediterranean, profertility, or preconception diets demonstrates positive associations with pregnancy or live birth in individual IVF cohorts, but evidence remains heterogeneous and inadequate to establish causal clinical efficacy for a single dietary pattern.

    DebatedFemale dietary patterns and outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF)… (2022)

    Observational associations between anti-inflammatory dietary patterns and assisted reproduction success are subject to residual confounding and exposure misclassification.

Observational, large

  1. #6 An increase of 0.1 units in waist-to-hip ratio is associated with a 30% reduction in probability of conception per cycle (hazard ratio 0.706, 95% CI 0.562-0.887) independent of age, body mass index, and menstrual regularity in women undergoing donor insemination.

    Fat and female fecundity: prospective study of effect of body fat di… (1993)

    Body fat distribution reflecting abdominal adiposity significantly impedes per-cycle fecundability independently of total body fat or age.

  2. #7 High dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and dietary inflammatory index (DII) are significantly associated with increased odds of infertility (OR 2.0 to 3.68) in reproductive-aged women.

    Glycemic index, glycemic load, dietary inflammatory index, and risk … (2023); Dietary patterns and fecundability in 2 prospective preconception co… (2022); Effect of a low glycemic diet in patients with polycystic ovary synd… (2016)

    High-carbohydrate and pro-inflammatory diets disrupt insulin sensitivity and ovulatory function, directly impacting fecundability.

  3. #8 Metabolic dysfunction, including diabetes or insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5), significantly reduces fecundability in both men (FOR 0.35) and overweight/obese women.

    Metabolic health status and fecundability in a Singapore preconcepti… (2022); Diabetes, medical comorbidities and couple fecundity (2016)

    Impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance are identified as critical mediators of reduced conception rates across sexes.

  4. #9 Higher dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids without fish oil supplementation is associated with increased fecundability (FR 1.40, 95% CI 1.13-1.73 comparing quartile 4 to quartile 1), whereas high trans fatty acid intake reduces fecundability (FR 0.86, 95% CI 0.71-1.04).

    DebatedDietary Fat Intake and Fecundability in 2 Preconception Cohort Studies (2017)

    Metabolic lipid profiles influenced by dietary fatty acid composition modulate natural female fecundability.

  5. #10 Diets with high glycemic load, elevated carbohydrate-to-fiber ratio, and high added sugar are associated with modestly reduced fecundability in preconception cohorts.

    Glycemic load, dietary fiber, and added sugar and fecundability in 2… (2019)

    High glycemic load can impair metabolic homeostasis and ovulatory function, attenuating natural conception rates in prospective cohorts.

  6. #11 In women with PCOS and anovulation, a low-glycemic index diet increases the percentage of ovulatory cycles from 7.4% to 24.6% compared to a normal-GI diet.

    Effect of a low glycemic diet in patients with polycystic ovary synd… (2016)

    Reducing dietary glycemic load improves insulin sensitivity, which in turn reduces circulating androgens and restores ovulation.

  7. #12 Insulin resistance blunts the positive association between optimal one-carbon metabolism plasma profiles and fecundability.

    DebatedOne-carbon metabolism, insulin resistance, and fecundability in a Si… (2025)

    Metabolic dysfunction characterized by high HOMA-IR may modify or attenuate nutritional determinants of periconceptional reproductive health.

  8. #13 Elevated dietary insulin index, dietary insulin load, glycemic index, and glycemic load are associated with higher odds of diminished ovarian reserve.

    DebatedDietary insulin index and load in relation to the risk of diminished… (2025); Examining the Relationship Between Dietary Glycemic Load ( GL ), Gly… (2025)

    Hyperinsulinemia and postprandial glycemic excursions are hypothesized to accelerate follicular depletion through oxidative stress and metabolic dysregulation.

  9. #14 A higher dietary glycemic index is associated with an elevated antral follicle count, primarily in women without prior infertility evaluation.

    DebatedAssociation of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Carbohydrate Intak… (2025)

    High-glycemic carbohydrates may promote excess follicular arrest consistent with polycystic ovarian morphology rather than true functional ovarian reserve.

Observational, small or case-based

  1. #15 Systemic inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein (CRP), is associated with decreased early follicular phase follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibin B, though not necessarily with AMH-defined ovarian reserve.

    DebatedInflammation and Ovarian Function in Reproductive‐Aged Women (2024)

    Inflammation may influence ovarian function and hormonal signaling without immediately impacting total oocyte pool markers.

Where the record disagrees (1 controversy)

  • While individual cohorts show strong correlations between pro-fertility diets and pregnancy rates, establishing isolated causal clinical efficacy for a single dietary pattern remains heterogeneous and debated across larger randomized trials.

    Findings #5, #7

Node lineage & crossover disciplines

Parent lineage, active node, direct child sub-branches, and associated crossover disciplines across the Tree of Knowledge.

Hierarchy:
Natural & Life SciencesMedicine, Health & LongevityReproductive Medicine & Human FertilityMetabolic Homeostasis and FertilityEnergy MetabolismGlycemic Index
+ Associated nodes:
Endocrine (intersects) Metabolic Homeostasis (intersects) Nutritional Sciences and Dietary Patterns (intersects) Physical Activity and Metabolic Health (intersects)
  • + intersects Endocrine — Shared mechanisms, study designs, or quantitative benchmarks between Metabolic Homeostasis and Fertility and Endocrine.
  • + intersects Metabolic Homeostasis — Shared mechanisms, study designs, or quantitative benchmarks between Metabolic Homeostasis and Fertility and Metabolic Homeostasis.
  • + intersects Nutritional Sciences and Dietary Patterns — Shared mechanisms, study designs, or quantitative benchmarks between Metabolic Homeostasis and Fertility and Nutritional Sciences and Dietary Patterns.
  • + intersects Physical Activity and Metabolic Health — Shared mechanisms, study designs, or quantitative benchmarks between Metabolic Homeostasis and Fertility and Physical Activity and Metabolic Health.

Branches

  • Energy Metabolism Analysis of systemic metabolic homeostasis, basal metabolic rate, and adipose-derived hormone signaling affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
  • Glycemic Index Evaluation of dietary carbohydrate quality, postprandial glycemic excursions, and their relationship with ovulatory infertility across demographic cohorts.
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Primary indexed sources (72)

Primary scientific literature, systematic reviews, and clinical trial registrations indexed for this branch.

  1. The Impact of Oxidative Stress Imbalance on Ovarian Function and Its Mechanisms — Shuna Zhang, Fei Wang, Huilin Yang et al. International Journal of General Medicine, 2026, expert opinion, 3 citations · DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s616217
  2. Protocol of the Temporality, Eating and Metabolic health during PreconceptiOn (TEMPO) study in females with overweight and obesity: a prospective observational cohort nested within a preconception lifestyle intervention program. — Loy SL, Ku CW, Pek JW et al. Reproductive health, 2026, cohort · DOI: 10.1186/s12978-026-02347-4
  3. Pathological remodeling of adipose tissue in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Adipokine-Cytokine crosstalk at the interface of metabolism and reproduction — Sulagna Dutta, Maral Daneshpazhouh, Hurairah Faatimah Muzammil et al. Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, 2026, expert opinion · DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2026.102777
  4. An Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern and Fecundability in a Multiethnic Asian Preconception Cohort. — Loh J, Yu G, Colega MT et al. The Journal of nutrition, 2026, cohort · DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.101283
  5. Advances in Metabolic Syndrome and Hypoglycemia — Naofumi Shiomi Directory of Open access Books (OAPEN Foundation), 2026, expert opinion
  6. Redox biology in PCOS: Biomarkers, mechanistic networks, and targeted interventions (Review) — Yuena Qiu, Xiaojing Guo, Jie An International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2026, expert opinion · DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2026.5960
  7. Endocrine and metabolic alterations in response to systemic inflammation and sepsis: a review article — Syed Faizan Mehdi, M. Qureshi, Salman Pervaiz et al. Molecular Medicine, 2025, expert opinion, 50 citations · DOI: 10.1186/s10020-025-01074-z
  8. Recent Advances in Nutritional Requirements and Metabolic Homeostasis Regulation of Animals Under Stress Conditions — Xinhang Li, Xinjian Li, Zhenlong Wu et al. Animals, 2025, expert opinion, 8 citations · DOI: 10.3390/ani15233412
  9. Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: unraveling multi-stage therapeutic mechanisms from puberty to long-term health outcomes — Weiwei Zeng, Yuning Luo, Juanfeng Ou et al. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2025, expert opinion, 5 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1654372
  10. Uterine Leiomyoma in women of reproductive age: A Systematic Review — Tetiana Volodumurivna Fartushok, Vladyslav A. Smiianov, Halyna Semenyna et al. Wiadomości Lekarskie, 2025, systematic review, 3 citations · DOI: 10.36740/wlek/195321
  11. Association of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Carbohydrate Intake with Antral Follicle Counts Among Subfertile Females — Makiko Mitsunami, Maryam Kazemi, Amy R. Nichols et al. Nutrients, 2025, cohort, 2 citations · DOI: 10.3390/nu17030382
  12. Dietary insulin index and load in relation to the risk of diminished ovarian reserve: a case–control study — Abed Ghavami, Sanaz Mehrabani, Mahdieh Khodarahmi et al. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2025, case control, 2 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1559229
  13. The risk of infertility and dietary inflammatory index, a case–control study in Iran — Roya Kabodmehri, Farhad Vahid, Sheyda Nami et al. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2025, case control, 2 citations · DOI: 10.1007/s00404-025-08222-0
  14. Examining the Relationship Between Dietary Glycemic Load ( GL ), Glycemic Index ( GI ), and the Odds of Diminished Ovarian Reserve: A Case–Control Study — Abed Ghavami, Mahdieh Khodarahmi, Sanaz Mehrabani et al. Food Science & Nutrition, 2025, case control, 1 citations · DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.70515
  15. Caractérisation des rôles et des mécanismes d’action de SFRP4 et YAP1 dans l'ovaire murin — Michael Bérubé 2025, in vitro · DOI: 10.71781/3738
  16. One-carbon metabolism, insulin resistance, and fecundability in a Singapore prospective preconception cohort study. — Ku CW, Chan HG, Sia AL et al. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2025, cohort · DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.04.035
  17. Systematic low-grade chronic inflammation and intrinsic mechanisms in polycystic ovary syndrome — Hongxia Deng, Yan Chen, Jilong Xing et al. Frontiers in Immunology, 2024, expert opinion, 113 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1470283
  18. Exploring Dietary Interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder — Ingrid Daniela Pérez-Cabral, Ariadna Thalía Bernal-Mercado, Alma Rosa Islas-Rubio et al. Foods, 2024, expert opinion, 30 citations · DOI: 10.3390/foods13183010
  19. Reproductive and Metabolic Health Following Exposure to Environmental Chemicals: Mechanistic Insights from Mammalian Models — Michelle Bellingham, Neil P. Evans, Richard G. Lea et al. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, 2024, systematic review, 10 citations · DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-111523-102259
  20. Mother’s Curse effects on lifespan and aging — Suzanne Edmands Frontiers in Aging, 2024, expert opinion, 10 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1361396
  21. Inflammation and Ovarian Function in Reproductive‐Aged Women — Anneliese M. Long, Anne Z. Steiner, Amanda L. Thompson et al. American Journal of Human Biology, 2024, cross sectional, 6 citations · DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24196
  22. A systematic review on the bidirectional relationship between trauma-related psychopathology and reproductive aging — Amanda R. Arnold, Trinidi Prochaska, Maximilian Fickenwirth et al. Journal of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, 2024, systematic review, 5 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100082
  23. The Relationship Between Body Composition Parameters and the Intake of Selected Nutrients, and Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) Levels in the Context of Ovulatory Infertility — Magdalena Skowrońska, Michał Pawłowski, Angelika Buczyńska et al. Nutrients, 2024, 3 citations · DOI: 10.3390/nu16234149
  24. Self-reported diagnoses of dietary allergens and fecundability in a North American cohort — Sydney K. Willis, Krystal E Kuan, Elizabeth Elliott Hatch et al. Human Reproduction, 2024, 1 citations · DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae277
  25. Aging and Inflammation — Amit Singh, Shepherd H. Schurman, Arsun Bektas et al. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 2023, expert opinion, 184 citations · DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041197
  26. Extracellular Matrix Dynamics as an Emerging yet Understudied Hallmark of Aging and Longevity — Cyril Statzer, Ji Young Cecilia Park, Collin Y. Ewald Aging and Disease, 2023, expert opinion, 100 citations · DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1116
  27. Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Estimates in the Dietary Approach of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome — Aspasia Manta, Stavroula Α. Paschou, Georgia Isari et al. Nutrients, 2023, expert opinion, 27 citations · DOI: 10.3390/nu15153483
  28. A Literature Review and a Proposed Classification of the Relationships between Ovulatory Infertility and Lifestyle Factors Based on the Three Groups of Ovulation Disorders Classified by WHO — Magdalena Skowrońska, Michał Pawłowski, Robert Jay Milewski Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2023, expert opinion, 17 citations · DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196275
  29. Glycemic index, glycemic load, dietary inflammatory index, and risk of infertility in women — Behnaz Aghaei, Fardin Moradi, Davood Soleimani et al. Food Science & Nutrition, 2023, case control, 16 citations · DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3584
  30. The effect of dietary habits on oocyte/sperm quality — Nilüfer Akgün, Miray Nilufer Cimsit Kemahli, José Bellver Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association, 2023, expert opinion, 9 citations · DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2023.2022-7-15
  31. The influence of lifestyle interventions and overweight on infertility: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials — Ana Šuštaršič, Vedran Hadžić, Cécil J. W. Meulenberg et al. Frontiers in Medicine, 2023, systematic review, 9 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1264947
  32. The Relationship of Fruits and Fruit-Products Consumption with Glucose Homeostasis and Diabetes: A Comprehensive Update on the Current Clinical Literature — Inès Ellouze, Neda Sara Akhavan, Saiful Singar et al. Dietetics, 2023, 6 citations · DOI: 10.3390/dietetics2030018
  33. Association of male fatty acid intake with fecundability among couples planning pregnancy — Ruth J. Geller, Amelia Kent Wesselink, Martha R. Koenig et al. Human Reproduction, 2023, cohort, 5 citations · DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead100
  34. The Impact of Systemic Inflammation on Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology — Junhua Xie, Lien Van Hoecke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, expert opinion, 322 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.796867
  35. Systemic Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Health in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review — Tjaša Hertiš Petek, Tjaša Hertiš Petek, Mirjam Močnik et al. Antioxidants, 2022, systematic review, 80 citations · DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050894
  36. Female dietary patterns and outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF): a systematic literature review — Elizabeth A. Sanderman, Sydney K. Willis, Lauren Anne Wise Nutrition Journal, 2022, systematic review, 42 citations · DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00757-7
  37. A Systematic Review of the Effects of High-Fat Diet Exposure on Oocyte and Follicular Quality: A Molecular Point of View — Francesca Gonnella, Fanì Konstantinidou, Chiara Di Berardino et al. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, systematic review, 38 citations · DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168890
  38. Dietary patterns and fecundability in 2 prospective preconception cohorts — Sydney K. Willis, Elizabeth Elliott Hatch, Anne Sofie Dam Laursen et al. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2022, cohort, 16 citations · DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac213
  39. Metabolic health status and fecundability in a Singapore preconception cohort study. — Loy SL, Chan DWK, Ku CW et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2022, cohort, 14 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.11.1374
  40. Impact of the treatment of periodontitis on systemic health and quality of life: A systematic review — Marco Orlandi, Eva Muñoz Aguilera, Debora Marletta et al. Journal Of Clinical Periodontology, 2021, systematic review, 128 citations · DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13554
  41. Effect of COVID-19 on Male Reproductive System – A Systematic Review — Yanfei He, Jie Wang, Junlin Ren et al. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2021, systematic review, 100 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.677701
  42. The effect of reproductive state on activity budget, feeding behavior, and urinary C-peptide levels in wild female Assamese macaques — Sonia Touitou, Michael Heistermann, Oliver Schülke et al. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2021, animal, 24 citations · DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-03058-5
  43. Litter expansion alters metabolic homeostasis in a sex specific manner — Kavitha Kurup, Shivani N. Mann, Jordan A. Jackson et al. PLoS ONE, 2021, animal, 7 citations · DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237199
  44. The Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on Systemic Oxidative Stress in Women with Obesity and Infertility: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial — Zheng Wang, Arno R. Bourgonje, Henk Groen et al. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021, 5 citations · DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184243
  45. Sugar-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance Are Uncoupled from Shortened Survival in Drosophila — Esther van Dam, Lucie A.G. van Leeuwen, Eliano dos Santos et al. Cell Metabolism, 2020, animal, 139 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.02.016
  46. Effects of dietary restriction on metabolic and cognitive health — Marina Souza Matos, Bettina Platt, Mirela Delibegović Proceedings of The Nutrition Society, 2020, 16 citations · DOI: 10.1017/s0029665120007910
  47. Endocrine-Mediated Mechanisms of Metabolic Disruption and New Approaches to Examine the Public Health Threat — Christopher Dennis Kassotis, Heather M. Stapleton Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2019, expert opinion, 59 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00039
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