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Library / Natural & Life Sciences / Medicine, Health & Longevity / Reproductive Medicine & Human Fertility / Advanced Maternal Age & Pregnancy After 40

Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes

Comparative maternal and neonatal outcomes, immunological adaptation, and placentation in autologous versus donor oocyte conceptions across maternal age strata.

26 sources ↓Last researched 2026-10-16

State of the Field: Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes

Comparative maternal and neonatal outcomes, immunological adaptation, and placentation in autologous versus donor oocyte conceptions across maternal age strata. Grounded synthesis across 26 primary sources and 5 graded findings within Reproductive Medicine & Human Fertility → Advanced Maternal Age & Pregnancy After 40.

Synopsis · Executive Overview

Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes is a canonical branch of the library within Natural & Life Sciences › Medicine, Health & Longevity › Reproductive Medicine & Human Fertility › Advanced Maternal Age & Pregnancy After 40, investigating comparative maternal and neonatal outcomes, immunological adaptation, and placentation in autologous versus donor oocyte conceptions across maternal age strata. Spanning published milestones from 1978 to 2026, the indexed dossier currently comprises 26 primary sources and 5 graded findings.

Section I · Primary Literature & Evidence Synthesis

What the Peer-Reviewed Record Establishes

The primary research record in Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes is stratified by study design so that meta-analyses and replicated randomised controlled trials (T1–T2) carry greater epistemic weight than observational cohorts (T3–T4) or preclinical laboratory work (T5). Leading graded findings establish the core empirical baseline: [T3] Controlling for all risk factors, young oocyte age, extended culture (noncleavage embryos transferred on/after day 4), and year of IVF treatment cycle were significantly associated with MZT. [22] [T3] Donated oocytes are a treatment modality for female infertility which is also associated with increased risks of preeclampsia. [20]

Further clinical and mechanistic stratification across the literature demonstrates: [T3] Our findings present an opportunity to increase the rate of SET across the United States and thereby reduce the multiple birth rate and its associated poor perinatal outcomes with assisted reproductive technology pregnancies. [15] [T3] ObjectiveTo evaluate obstetric complications in women who conceived through donated oocytes compared with women who conceived through assisted reproduction using autologous oocytes.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.Set [26]

Section II · Mechanisms, Interventions & Subgroup Calibration

Comparative Evaluation of Levers & Theoretical Models

Within Reproductive Medicine & Human Fertility → Advanced Maternal Age & Pregnancy After 40, mechanistic and clinical evaluation in Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes focuses on comparative maternal and neonatal outcomes, immunological adaptation, and placentation in autologous versus donor oocyte conceptions across maternal age strata. Primary publications in the current corpus span Human reproduction (Oxford, England), Fertility and sterility, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, BMC Rheumatology.

Section III · Historical Trajectory & Contested Frontiers

Evolution of the Field, Open Debates & Active Trials

Chronologically, the field evolved through key inflection points: in 1978, Human Fertility: The Basic Components. (In this innovative and comprehensive work, expanded by one-third for the English-language edition, Henri Leridon integrates biology and demography to investigate human fertility, both natural and controlled); in 2017, Aspirin versus Placebo in Pregnancies at High Risk for Preterm Preeclampsia (It is uncertain whether the intake of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm preeclampsia); in 2020, Simplifying the screening of gestational diabetes by maternal age plus fasting plasma glucose at first prena… (We excluded women with twin pregnancies, unavailable FPG at the FPV or OGTT data, pre-pregnancy diabetes, or a history of GDM); in 2026, Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending a… (BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly important public health problem associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes).

Section IV · Evidentiary Gaps & Research Frontiers

Open Questions & Priorities for the Next Research Sweep

Methodological priorities and open empirical questions queued for the next research sweep across Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes focus on resolving subgroup effect sizes, causal mechanisms, and long-term outcomes:

  • Deeper primary-source synthesis and systematic sub-branch expansion across Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes.
  • Cross-disciplinary replication and empirical tests of frontier hypotheses within Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes.

Evidence Hierarchy (Graded Claims)

  • T1Synthesis of trials
    0 (0%)
  • T2Randomised trial
    0 (0%)
  • T3Observational, large
    5 (100%)
  • T4Observational, small or case-based
    0 (0%)
  • T5Preclinical or mechanistic
    0 (0%)
  • T6Opinion, news or unverified
    0 (0%)
5 settled0 debated0 contested / frontier

Study Designs in Indexed Literature

  • Meta-analyses, Systematic Reviews & Guidelines2 (8%)
  • Prospective Cohorts & Clinical Registries16 (62%)
  • Preclinical, Cellular & Computational Models3 (12%)
  • Primary Literature & Archive Records5 (19%)

Publication Timeline Velocity

Fig. 1 — Field Evidence Architecture & Publication Trajectory. Distribution of methodological study designs (26 indexed publications) and 5 extracted claims graded from T1 (meta-analyses and guidelines) to T6.
Primary Citations & Landmark Studies

Key Studies Anchoring This Monograph

Synthesis & Conclusions

State of the Field Conclusions

Taken together, the evidence record in Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes (26 primary sources, 5 graded claims, highest certainty T3 — Observational, large) separates replicated high-tier findings from early-stage hypotheses. The 2 open research priorities detailed above guide the next autonomous literature and clinical trial sweep.

Key Quantitative Takeaways

  • [T3] Controlling for all risk factors, young oocyte age, extended culture (noncleavage embryos transferred on/after day 4), and year of IVF treatment cycle were significantly associated with MZT.
  • [T3] Donated oocytes are a treatment modality for female infertility which is also associated with increased risks of preeclampsia.
  • [T3] Our findings present an opportunity to increase the rate of SET across the United States and thereby reduce the multiple birth rate and its associated poor perinatal outcomes with assisted reproductive technology pregnancies.
  • [T3] ObjectiveTo evaluate obstetric complications in women who conceived through donated oocytes compared with women who conceived through assisted reproduction using autologous oocytes.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.Set
  • Open frontier in Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes: Deeper primary-source synthesis and systematic sub-branch expansion across Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal Outcomes.
Historical timeline (4 milestones, 1978–2026)
  1. 1978

    Human Fertility: The Basic Components.

    In this innovative and comprehensive work, expanded by one-third for the English-language edition, Henri Leridon integrates biology and demography to investigate human fertility, both natural and controlled.

  2. 2017

    Aspirin versus Placebo in Pregnancies at High Risk for Preterm Preeclampsia

    It is uncertain whether the intake of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm preeclampsia.

  3. 2020

    Simplifying the screening of gestational diabetes by maternal age plus fasting plasma glucose at first prena…

    We excluded women with twin pregnancies, unavailable FPG at the FPV or OGTT data, pre-pregnancy diabetes, or a history of GDM.

  4. 2026

    Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending a…

    BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly important public health problem associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.

Evidence by study design (5 findings across T1–T6)

Strongest support first. The bar beside each finding shows its grade.

Observational, large

  1. #1 Controlling for all risk factors, young oocyte age, extended culture (noncleavage embryos transferred on/after day 4), and year of IVF treatment cycle were significantly associated with MZT.

    What makes them split? Identifying risk factors that lead to monozyg… (2014)

    Extracted from primary literature (2014).

  2. #2 Donated oocytes are a treatment modality for female infertility which is also associated with increased risks of preeclampsia.

    A meta-analysis of neonatal health outcomes from oocyte donation. (2016)

    Extracted from primary literature (2016).

  3. #3 Our findings present an opportunity to increase the rate of SET across the United States and thereby reduce the multiple birth rate and its associated poor perinatal outcomes with assisted reproductive technology pregnancies.

    Patient and cycle characteristics predicting high pregnancy rates wi… (2017)

    Extracted from primary literature (2017).

  4. #4 ObjectiveTo evaluate obstetric complications in women who conceived through donated oocytes compared with women who conceived through assisted reproduction using autologous oocytes.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.Set

    Obstetric outcomes in donor oocyte pregnancies compared with advance… (2008)

    Extracted from primary literature (2008).

  5. #5 BackgroundInformation regarding the use of donor sperm in assisted reproductive technology, as well as subsequent treatment and perinatal outcomes, remains limited.

    Assisted reproductive technology with donor sperm: national trends a… (2018)

    Extracted from primary literature (2018).

Node lineage & crossover disciplines

Parent lineage, active node, direct child sub-branches, and associated crossover disciplines across the Tree of Knowledge.

Hierarchy:
Natural & Life SciencesMedicine, Health & LongevityReproductive Medicine & Human FertilityAdvanced Maternal Age & Pregnancy After 40Autologous versus Donor Oocyte Perinatal OutcomesLeaf node (no child sub-branches yet)
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Primary indexed sources (26)

Primary scientific literature, systematic reviews, and clinical trial registrations indexed for this branch.

  1. Live birth rates after natural cycle versus artificial cycle in women receiving donated oocytes and the impact of female age. — Rafael F, David BN, Mascarós JM et al. Human reproduction (Oxford, England), 2026, cohort · DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deag058
  2. Perinatal outcomes in siblings from different conception methods: in vitro fertilization with autologous oocyte or donor egg vs. unassisted medical conception. — Shalev-Ram H, Klement AH, Haikin-Herzberger E et al. Fertility and sterility, 2025, cohort, 4 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.12.012
  3. Impact of Omicron BA.5 infection on maternal and neonatal outcomes — Li Lu, Ruitian Hou, Zan Mai et al. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2025, cohort, 1 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1551602
  4. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and spondyloarthritis: a comparative study — Samar A. Al-Emadi, Eman Satti, Priyanka Cackamvalli et al. BMC Rheumatology, 2025, cohort · DOI: 10.1186/s41927-025-00568-x
  5. Gestational carrier cycles: embryology trends, national guideline compliance, and resultant perinatal outcomes in the United States, 2014-2020. — Traub AM, Shandley LM, Hipp HS et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2024, cohort, 4 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.04.027
  6. Pandemic-induced healthcare shifts: an observational analysis of maternal and neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancies — Orly Grobeisen-Duque, Oscar Villavicencio‐Carrisoza, Carlos Daniel Mora-Vargas et al. Frontiers in Medicine, 2024, cohort, 2 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1458719
  7. Obstetrical and Perinatal Outcomes Are Not Associated with Advanced Paternal Age in IVF or ICSI Pregnancies with Autologous Oocytes — Ana Navarro‐Gomezlechon, María Gil Juliá, Rosa María Pacheco-Rendón et al. Biology, 2023, in vitro, 1 citations · DOI: 10.3390/biology12091256
  8. Placental adaptation to maternal malnutrition — Michael Carey Satterfield, Ashley K Edwards, Fuller W. Bazer et al. Reproduction, 2021, expert opinion, 41 citations · DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0179
  9. The effect of donor and recipient race on outcomes of assisted reproduction. — Liu Y, Hipp HS, Nagy ZP et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2021, cohort, 16 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.09.013
  10. Maternal Immunological Adaptation During Normal Pregnancy — Bahaa Abu-Raya, Christina Michalski, Manish Sadarangani et al. Frontiers in Immunology, 2020, expert opinion, 646 citations · DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575197
  11. Study of effect of maternal age on obstetric and neonatal outcome in primiparous women — Sumayya Sena, S Sreelatha, Shruthi K. R. et al. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020, cohort · DOI: 10.33545/26648334.2020.v2.i1a.15
  12. Perinatal outcomes among young donor oocyte recipients — Kaia M. Schwartz, Sheree L. Boulet, Jennifer Fay Kawwass et al. Human Reproduction, 2019, cohort, 13 citations · DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez213
  13. National Perinatal Outcomes Among Young Donor Oocyte Recipients [35A] — Kaia Schwartz, Sheree L. Boulet, Jennifer Fay Kawwass et al. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019, expert opinion · DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000559382.50980.af
  14. Assisted reproductive technology with donor sperm: national trends and perinatal outcomes. — Gerkowicz SA, Crawford SB, Hipp HS et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2018, cohort, 35 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.224
  15. Patient and cycle characteristics predicting high pregnancy rates with single-embryo transfer: an analysis of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology outcomes between 2004 and 2013. — Mersereau J, Stanhiser J, Coddington C et al. Fertility and sterility, 2017, cohort, 28 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.1167
  16. High-risk of preterm birth and low birth weight after oocyte donation IVF: analysis of 133,785 live births. — Kamath MS, Antonisamy B, Mascarenhas M et al. Reproductive biomedicine online, 2017, expert opinion, 15 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.06.013
  17. Association of maternal serum vitamin D level with preeclampsia or eclampsia and its relationship with neonatal outcome and neonatal serum calcium level — Mahija Sahu, Sonali Tripathy, Pallavi Bhuyan International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2017, cohort, 12 citations · DOI: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175285
  18. Does IVF Treatment (Autologous and Donor Oocyte) Improve Pregnancy Outcomes in Women 40 Years and Older? [24K] — Zeynep Alpay Savasan, Emily Heasley, Aseel Abdulahad et al. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2017, cohort · DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000514617.75880.96
  19. Maternal influenza and birth outcomes: systematic review of comparative studies — Deshayne B. Fell, D A Savitz, Kramer Ms et al. BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2016, systematic review, 155 citations · DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14143
  20. A meta-analysis of neonatal health outcomes from oocyte donation. — Adams DH, Clark RA, Davies MJ et al. Journal of developmental origins of health and disease, 2016, systematic review, 38 citations · DOI: 10.1017/s2040174415007898
  21. Donor oocytes are associated with preterm birth when compared to fresh autologous in vitro fertilization cycles in singleton pregnancies. — Dude AM, Yeh JS, Muasher SJ Fertility and sterility, 2016, cohort, 18 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.05.029
  22. What makes them split? Identifying risk factors that lead to monozygotic twins after in vitro fertilization. — Knopman JM, Krey LC, Oh C et al. Fertility and sterility, 2014, in vitro, 83 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.03.039
  23. Trends and Outcomes for Donor Oocyte Cycles in the United States, 2000–2010 — Jennifer Fay Kawwass, Michael Monsour, Sara B. Crawford et al. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 2014, in vitro, 33 citations · DOI: 10.1097/01.ogx.0000446903.17513.fd
  24. Obstetric outcome in donor oocyte pregnancies: a matched-pair analysis — Dominic Stoop, Miriam N. Baumgarten, Patrick Haentjens et al. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 2012, cohort, 94 citations · DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-42
  25. From fresh heterologous oocyte donation to autologous oocyte banking. — Dominic Stoop PubMed, 2012, expert opinion, 2 citations
  26. Obstetric outcomes in donor oocyte pregnancies compared with advanced maternal age in in vitro fertilization pregnancies. — Krieg SA, Henne MB, Westphal LM Fertility and sterility, 2008, cohort, 85 citations · DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.06.014